The Depot was constructed in 1860 by the Selma, Rome and Dalton (GA) Railroad. It was used as a transfer and storage point for Confederate troops and materials during the War Between the States. — — Map (db m36443) HM
Since 1890 the financial interests of this area have been served by The First National Bank and its predecessor The Tredagar National Bank (an institution of the "Boom" days of Jacksonville)
Organizers were Peyton Rowan, President, Jos. . . . — — Map (db m29480) HM
Prominent citizen of Jacksonville who served Alabama as Brigadier General, State Militia; member Legislature and Pres. of Senate; Circuit Court Judge; and Pres. Ala. and Tenn. Railroad
He owned extensive cotton plantations and mining interests . . . — — Map (db m29921) HM
Brigadier General C.S.A.
With Army of Virginia 1861-1865.
Wounded in battle five times.
He was one of four distinguished sons
of Jacob Forney and Sabina Swope Hoke
of Jacksonville who held commissions
in the Confederate Army.
. . . — — Map (db m36480) HM
The furnace was constructed by Montgomery businessman Alfred A. Janney, reportedly using slaves brought from Tennessee by a "Dr. Smith." The furnace was completed and ready to produce pig iron when, on July 14, 1864, a Union cavalry raiding force of . . . — — Map (db m25544) HM
The Archaic period covers a vast expanse of time (8,250 years).
Many changes occurred during the Archaic period. For
example, the climate and vegetation that Early Archaic people
saw was much different than the climate and vegetation that
Late . . . — — Map (db m160554) HM
In 2007, the City of Oxford began planning what is today known as
Choccolocco Park. Discoveries at the site identified the presence of the
humans inhabiting this land as early as 10,000 years ago. Oxford undertook
an archaeological investigation . . . — — Map (db m144980) HM
Boiling Springs Road once provided a vital transportation link
across Choccolocco Creek for residents of the valley. The road
received its name from the Boiling Spring (pictured below and to
the right) located across the creek at this location. . . . — — Map (db m145023) HM
Choccolocco Park is located on land that was farmed by the Caver,
Christian and Davis families from 1840 until the late twentieth
century. During the Great Depression, the farm was documented
by the Historic American Building Survey. The subjects . . . — — Map (db m145025) HM
When workers began excavating the lake for Choccolocco Park, they
uncovered several large charcoal-filled ditches that formed circles.
Archaeologists investigated these features and determined that these
were the remains of 19th century charcoal . . . — — Map (db m144947) HM
was moved on August 17 , 1990 to Oxford Lake
Leon Smith, Mayor
City of Oxford Councilmembers
Johnny Austin • Johnny Bentley • Bruce Dempsey
Norma Martin • Marshall Shaddix
The bridge was donated to the City of Oxford
by the . . . — — Map (db m198533) HM
[Top plaque]
This property has been
placed on the
National Register
of Historic Places
by the United States
Department of the Interior
[Bottom plaque]
301 Main Street
has been placed on the
Alabama Register
of . . . — — Map (db m217258) HM
A Memorial to
Gen. Andrew Jackson,
the Tennessee Patriots,
the Alabama Patriots, and
pioneers who by their
courage and fortitude in
1813 - 1814, won five successful
battles in the Creek Indian
Campaign.
Side . . . — — Map (db m106593) HM
Seaman Second Class, United States Navy, George Washington Ingram was killed in action in the defense of Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.
For Seaman Ingram's bravery, an American destroyer was built and named in his honor. The U.S.S. George W. . . . — — Map (db m217252) HM WM
First incorporated as a town, February 7, 1852, in Benton County, Oxford's second incorporation was approved February 21, 1860 in Calhoun County. Long before this territory was “settled”, it was inhabited by Creek Indians. In the time . . . — — Map (db m106589) HM
Great citizen, eminent lawyer, valiant soldier, renowned statesman, diplomat, Christian gentleman. Near this spot, 1862, he mustered into service 51 Ala. Regt. Cavalry, Army Confederate States of America. Ala. U.S. Senator, 1877 until his death. . . . — — Map (db m217250) WM
The Mississippian inhabitants of Choccolocco were skilled
agriculturalists who grew corn, squash and beans in addition to
the many wild plants that they harvested. Archaeologists
working here have found the remains of many of these plants in
the . . . — — Map (db m144950) HM
During the Mississippi period earthen mound construction
resumed at Choccolocco. Mound building was a community
effort and these earthen constructions served as the center of
community life for large towns like the one depicted at right.
This . . . — — Map (db m144936) HM
Welcome! We are the Arbeka (Abihka). This is the ceremonial
ground of our ancestors who once called this valley their home.
When the Arbeka (Abihka) were forced to remove to Oklahoma
they carried the sacred fire from this place to their new home. . . . — — Map (db m144923) HM
The ancestral traditions of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation are still practiced
today. Among these is a game called “Little Brother of War" or "stickball”.
The game is used to settle disagreements, to toughen warriors and
sometimes for . . . — — Map (db m144938) HM
By AD 1730, the English, French and Spanish had all established colonies
in the region. It was also around this time that the people within the
Coosa, Tallapoosa and Chattahoochee Valleys, known to history as the
Arbekas (Abihkas), Tallapoosas, . . . — — Map (db m145022) HM
The people living during the Paleoindian period experienced a
world very different from that we know today. These people
lived during the last ice age when large mammals still roamed
North America. Archaeologists sometimes refer to these . . . — — Map (db m144948) HM
The stone mound here once sat on nearby Signal Mountain and is now
understood to be part of a much larger cultural landscape. Working with
the Muscogee (Creek) Nation and the people of the Arbeka (Abihka)
Ceremonial Ground, archaeologist Robert . . . — — Map (db m144927) HM
The town of Oxford was first incorporated by the Alabama legislature in 1852. The original boundaries included a one square mile area enlarged in 1860. Oxford became active as a cotton and trading center but during the Civil War growth slowed, and . . . — — Map (db m106591) HM
The arrival of European explorers and colonists in North
America disrupted the Mississippian world in ways that
researchers are still working to understand. Spanish
explorer Hernando de Soto arrived in the interior in AD
1540. He traveled . . . — — Map (db m144973) HM
Centered around Boiling Spring, the
Choccolocco Creek Archaeological
Complex once consisted of at least
three earthen mounds, a large stone
mound, and a large snake effigy
(representation) also made of stone.
The largest earthen mound once . . . — — Map (db m144926) HM
Located at the end of McKibbon Street is on a cedar covered hill with a beautiful view. The cemetery contains the remains of many of Oxford's early settlers. Some markers date in the 1850's. — — Map (db m195727) HM
Today, the people who once inhabited this region of Alabama are recognized
by the federal government as belonging to several tribes: the Muscogee
(Creek) Nation, Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, Kialegee Tribal Town, and
Thlopthlocco Tribal Town of . . . — — Map (db m144937) HM
{Timeline from 12,500 BC to AD 1979}
Creek Chiefs During the Removal Period
Selocta, Chinnabee, Soletawv Cetto Yupe, Horned Snake Soldier
Opothle Yahola
Menawa
William McIntosh — — Map (db m145089) HM
The interpretive trail winds through what was once the 19th century
Muscogee (Creek) Nation town of Choccolocco. Archaeologists have
found evidence that Native Americans began coming to this place about
8,000 BC and the establishment of long-term . . . — — Map (db m145097) HM
Woodland period people established permanent communities
within a climate and forest that was very similar to that
experienced by today's residents of the Choccolocco Valley. By
AD 100, the residents had started constructing the earthen
mound . . . — — Map (db m144977) HM
Cross Plains citizens voted for incorporation March 10, 1871. A second vote was cast for reincorporation May 15, 1882. By the acts of the Alabama Legislature of 1888, Cross Plains became Piedmont September 30, 1888. Mayors for both Cross Plains and . . . — — Map (db m27992) HM
The First Presbyterian Church of Piedmont was organized March 18, 1890, with seventeen charter members, by Rev. B. F. Bedinger, Presbyterian evangelist. Rev. J. E. McLean was the first minister. First elders were C. W. McMahon and Stephen Ferguson; . . . — — Map (db m27993) HM
Beginning as a Methodist mission in the 1850's, the Piedmont First United Methodist Church was organized in 1867 as the Cross Plains Methodist Episcopal Church, South, by Wilson Johnson and a small band of local Methodists. In 1868 a small church . . . — — Map (db m83261) HM
The Alabama Tennessee River Railroad was chartered by the Alabama legislature in the session of 1836-1837. Work was begun at Selma in 1851 and the rails reached Blue Mountain in 1861. Work was terminated during the War Between the States.
In . . . — — Map (db m27995) HM
Dedicated Oct. 15, 1980 and given in memory of those members who gave their lives in World War I & II by the 27th. Division Association whose members trained on this ground 1940-1941 — — Map (db m53009) HM
Though sparsely populated, Calhoun County raised five companies of soldiers for service in the Confederate army: Company B, Sixth Arkansas Infantry, Companies E and G, Second Arkansas Cavalry, and Companies A and K, Fourth Arkansas Infantry . . . — — Map (db m200670) HM
The Richards family had a long history of building churches in Northwest Florida. Daniel Thomas Richards (1825-1879), survivor of an Indian attack on Fort Richards/Fort Place, and son of Rev. John G. Richards of Wewahitchka, built Moss Hill . . . — — Map (db m177686) HM
On this site are the remains of early area settlers, the Richards family. As a prominent Virginia Colonial family, George Richards (1727-1818) was with Washington at Braddocks Defeat (1755), and with his sons in the Revolutionary War (1776). The . . . — — Map (db m186749) HM
Side 1
Following the Civil War, a growing number of steamboats plied the waters of the Apalachicola River, busily transporting passengers, agricultural products and manufactured goods between the Gulf of Mexico and upstream locations in Florida, . . . — — Map (db m167156) HM
Side 1
Abe Springs Bluff was Calhoun County's second county seat -- from 1849 to 1880. About 4/10 mile west of here, at a remote location overlooking the Chipola River, stood the one-story wood frame courthouse that housed county courts and . . . — — Map (db m167139) HM
This is the western boundary of a reservation set aside by the treaty of Fort Moultrie and given to John Blunt (Blount) one of the six principal chiefs of the Florida Indians. The Apalachicola River was the eastern boundary. The treaty was ratified . . . — — Map (db m78029) HM
The citizens of Calhoun County dedicate this memorial in loving memory to the men and women of Calhoun County who gave their lives serving our country
World War I
William E. Ayers • Joseph B. Baggett • Woodie Crockett • Willie W. . . . — — Map (db m247087) WM
(This is Florida's first bi-lingual marker. The second language is Apalachicola Muskogee/Creek.) Apalachicola Creek Indians permanently settled Calhoun County in 1815; wars forced them out of Alabama. A new Tribal Town was built by Chief Tuskie . . . — — Map (db m48489) HM
To the east lies the burial site of Fuller Warren, Governor of Florida from 1949 to 1953. A World War II veteran, Governor Warren also served in the State House of Representatives. As Governor, he sponsored many important legislative initiatives . . . — — Map (db m110977) HM
For 63 years (1909-1972) the Marianna and Blountstown Railroad was Calhoun County's link to the railroads and commerce of the nation. Sometimes known as "Many Bumps" or "Meat and Bread," the M&B had a significant impact on the lives of Calhoun . . . — — Map (db m167160) HM
In recognition of
Apalachicola Tribal Town
Mekko John Blount
and the Muskogee (Creek) Nation
Reservation that existed on these lands,
where this marker stands.
The Muskogee (Creek) Nation was forcefully
removed from Florida . . . — — Map (db m246849) HM
Hernando de Soto, born ca. 1500, nobleman, conquistador, Governor of Cuba, with rights to conquer Florida, traveled in 1540 through what later became Georgia on an expedition to find gold. His exact route is unknown and certain landmarks mentioned . . . — — Map (db m27362) HM
Dedicated to the memory of all Veterans of Calhoun County, Georgia who lost their lives while serving our Country with honor during times of war/armed conflict
Freedom is not cheap
World War I
Pvt. Albert Brewer
Pvt. Grover W. . . . — — Map (db m191612) WM
This county, created by Act of the Legislature Feb. 20, 1854, is named for John C. Calhoun, famed South Carolina Statesman, who resigned as Vice President of the United States in 1832 to return to the U.S. Senate and defend States Rights in debates . . . — — Map (db m27052) HM
Honoring all Veterans of the Air force, Army Cost Guard, Marine Corp and Navy.
"And if words cannot repay the debt we owe these men; surely with our actions. We must strive to keep faith with them and the vision that led them . . . — — Map (db m226770) WM
Calhoun County Freedom Rock Timeline…
Story Board Provided in Memory of Lloyd Everett Webb (1941 - 2016)
April 18, 2013 Application to host the Calhoun County Freedom Rock in Rockwell City submitted by the Rockwell . . . — — Map (db m135809) WM
Site of the
"Delt Shelter" from 1920-1966
Epsilon Chapter of
Delta Tau Delta Fraternity
First Fraternity chartered at
Albion College--1876 — — Map (db m177328) HM
Methodists obtained a charter for Spring Arbor Seminary from the Territorial Council of Michigan in March, 1835. Later the institution was established in Albion on land donated by Jesse Crowell, a leading Albion pioneer and benefactor. In 1841 the . . . — — Map (db m27744) HM
"The Old Rugged Cross," one of the world's best-loved hymns, was composed here in 1912 by the Rev. George Bennard (1873-1958). The son of an Ohio coal miner, Bennard was a lifelong servant of God, chiefly in the Methodist ministry. He wrote the . . . — — Map (db m27745) HM
It was in the spring of 1911 that two freshmen at Albion College, Byron D. Stokes and F. Dudleigh Vernor, wrote the words and music for a song they called "The Sweetheart of Sigma Chi." The song made a hit with their fraternity brothers, and . . . — — Map (db m27742) HM
(Front)
In February 1837 the Reverend Calvin Clark, a circuit riding pastor sent by the American Home Missionary Society, met with twenty-four persons and organized the Albion Presbyterian Church. The first church was built in 1840 on the . . . — — Map (db m28378) HM
Augustus P. Gardner (1817-1905), a wealthy hardware merchant, built this Victorian style house in 1875. A three-story, thirteen-room mansion with a mansard roof, it was Gardner's home until his death in 1905. In 1966, after decades of neglect, the . . . — — Map (db m116148) HM
In 1904 the Albion Malleable Iron Company began recruiting workers for its foundry. The arrival of six Russians from New York City marked the beginning of Albion's "Foreign Colony." By 1915 the Foreign Colony had grown to around 600 people of . . . — — Map (db m177134) HM
Michigan Centennial Business
This plaque is issued by the
Historical Society of Michigan
In recognition of
Homestead Savings &
Loan Association, F.A.
Founded in 1889
For more than 100 years of
Continuous operation in service . . . — — Map (db m184109) HM
Marker Front:
On May 13, 1877, the second Sunday of the month, Juliet Calhoun Blakeley stepped into the pulpit of the Methodist-Episcopal Church and completed the sermon for the Reverend Myron Daugherty. According to local legend, Daugherty . . . — — Map (db m27817) HM
The first burial in this cemetery occurred in 1837, the year Michigan became a state. The previous year, land developer Jesse Crowell had purchased a one and one-half-acre parcel; he later cleared it for burials. In 1842 Crowell sold the land to the . . . — — Map (db m177130) HM
The first house at what was then known as the "Forks of the Kalamazoo" was erected near this site by Tenney Peabody, a New Yorker. To this cabin with its thatched roof of grass from the banks of the nearby Kalamazoo River, Albion's first settler . . . — — Map (db m27815) HM
Orlando C. and Adeline Gale erected this house in 1862. Built in the Italianate style, the house reflects the Gale´s prominence. Orlando and his father and brothers owned a succession of hardware and farm implement businesses in Moscow, Jonesville, . . . — — Map (db m177131) HM
The Albion College Astronomical Observatory was built in 1883-84 at the urging of Dr. Samuel Dickie, who later became president of the college. Dickie helped raise $10,000 to build and equip the facility. The observatory still harbors its original . . . — — Map (db m27743) HM
The Starr Commonwealth Schools In 1913 Floyd Starr purchased forty acres of land on Montcalm Lake to found Starr Commonwealth for Boys, a nonprofit home and residential school for wayward, delinquent and neglected boys. At that time, the only . . . — — Map (db m177156) HM
This monument is a tribute to the men of the 94th Infantry Division WWII
In recognition of the outstanding war record of the 94th, the Michigan legislature designated on May 15, 2002 a 6 mile portion of 1-94 adjoining this rest stop as the . . . — — Map (db m217909) HM WM
In 1855 Elder James Brown and his wife, Radley, established an African Methodist Episcopal Church in Battle Creek. The congregation met in members’ homes until 1860 when it moved into a church on the northeast corner of Maple and Van Buren Streets. . . . — — Map (db m177260) HM
This tablet,
erected by the citizens
of
Battle Creek
in connection with
the Centennial Celebration,
1931,
marks the place
on which was builded, [sic]
in 1831,
the first dwelling
in
Battle . . . — — Map (db m177457) HM
Ernest W. Arnold designed this Beaux-Arts Classical-style city hall “to harmonize with the post office” located directly across Division Street. It was built in 1914 by Seirn B. Cole Construction at a cost of $305,000. The building’s interior is . . . — — Map (db m177335) HM
In September 1956, Battle Creek Community College opened near this site. Founded by Battle Creek Public Schools, it was originally housed in a Grand Army of the Republic Hall that was demolished in 1972. Begun with 176 full and part-time students . . . — — Map (db m177340) HM
The Battle Creek House, a stagecoach stop and the social and political hub of the settlement from 1836 to 1866, stood here. The balconied three-story inn was destroyed by a fire late in the 1860’s. In 1870 Daniel Reily put up a “solid brick” . . . — — Map (db m177277) HM
This firehouse, which opened on July 2, 1904, was the last one in the city to use horse-drawn equipment. Hubert C. Scofield, architect of Fire Station No. 3, designed the Richardsonian Romanesque building, built at a cost of $8,099. In 1917 the . . . — — Map (db m177261) HM
The second Battle Creek Post Office, one of Albert Kahn’s earliest commissions, opened in 1907. He designed the structure with reinforced concrete supports, an innovation he later used in his internationally renowned factory designs. The building’s . . . — — Map (db m177338) HM
Battle Creek Sanitarium The Battle Creek Sanitarium opened in 1866 as the Western Health Reform Institute. The institute was founded on health principles advocated by the Seventh-Day Adventist Church. In 1876 Dr. John Harvey Kellogg became the . . . — — Map (db m177255) HM
This country schoolhouse, one of a vanishing type, was built in 1859 and named after Ira Beckley, an early settler. During the first year, thirty-three pupils used a library of forty-two books for a seven-month session. Instruction was offered in . . . — — Map (db m190180) HM
This farm has remained in the Bryant family since 1844 and retains much of its original Civil War era appearance. The ruins of stone fences erected without mortar still stand as a rare reminder of early settlement. Mary Bryant Mayo (1845-1903), . . . — — Map (db m178045) HM
C. W. Post A native of Springfield, Illinois, Charles William Post came to this city in 1891 as a patient at the Battle Creek Sanitarium. In 1892 he opened his own sanitarium and dedicated himself to developing and manufacturing healthy food . . . — — Map (db m177336) HM
This is Battle Creek, where the leading producers of ready-to-eat cereals are located. Early attempts to process grains into appetizing new foods for Sanitarium guests revolutionized the eating habits of people everywhere. Made in Battle . . . — — Map (db m177263) HM
Del Shannon In late 1960 the Hi-Lo Club, located on this site, “rocked” when the Charlie Johnson Band played Runaway for the first time. Johnson, whose real name was Charles Westover, was born in Grand Rapids and raised in Coopersville. . . . — — Map (db m177464) HM
Erastus Hussey Stationmaster
Erastus Hussey came to Michigan from New York State in 1824 and purchased land in Wayne County. Hussey returned to New York for a time, but in 1839 he and his wife, Sarah, purchased a building located about 125 . . . — — Map (db m177310) HM
The First Baptist Church, oldest church in Battle Creek, was organized in April 1835, with nineteen charter members. Meetings were held in the log schoolhouse the first few years. The present site was bought from Sands McCamley in 1843 for $275. The . . . — — Map (db m177332) HM
Congregationalists joined Presbyterians in organizing a church in 1836. When a split occurred in 1883, they formed the Independent Congregational Church. Chicago architect Joseph C. Llewellyn designed this Neo-classical church, built in 1907, to . . . — — Map (db m177272) HM
James S. and Ellen G. White were among the founders of the General Conference of the Seventh-day Adventist Church, which was organized in Battle Creek in 1863. Long participants in the Adventist movement, they cam to Battle Creek in 1855 when the . . . — — Map (db m144851) HM
Kellogg Community College began in 1956 as Battle Creek Community College. It was housed in a Grand Army of the Republic Hall on College Street. Its enrollment quickly expanded beyond the location's capacity, and in 1958 city voters passed a millage . . . — — Map (db m177253) HM
Three generations of doctors made this structure their home. The attractive Victorian house was built by Dr. Arthur H. Kimball in 1886. Kimball, a city health official, came to this area in 1883. His son, Arthur S. Kimball, became Battle Creek’s . . . — — Map (db m177271) HM
The LaSalle Hotel opened in 1927 at 45-47 Capital Avenue, Southwest. The Hi-Lo Club was opened as a bar and "beer garden" in 1933. In 1954 the name was changed to the Gilbert Hotel. Rock-and-roll singer Del Shannon first performed his hit song, . . . — — Map (db m177461) HM
Mary S. Coleman Court
Honoring Michigan's first woman Chief Justice of the
State Supreme Court
Mary Stallings Coleman took office January 1973, elected Chief Justice January 1979. Reelected and took office January 1981. Retired from . . . — — Map (db m248535) HM
The first Methodist class in this area met in the home of Daniel Thomas in 1833. Three years later services were being held in the log schoolhouse. In 1841 the first structure for religious services in the village was built by the Methodists 150 . . . — — Map (db m177334) HM
The Michigan Central Railroad Depot opened on July 27, 1888. Rogers and McFarlane of Detroit designed the depot, one of several Richardsonian Romanesque-style stations the Michigan Central built between Detroit and Chicago in the late nineteenth . . . — — Map (db m177339) HM
Postum Cereal Company Charles William “C. W.” Post (1854-1914) began his breakfast empire in 1892 when he opened La Vita Inn sanitarium on this site. Post’s first commercial success occurred in 1894 when he created the hot beverage Postum. In . . . — — Map (db m177342) HM
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